Wikipedista:Fagusius/Pískoviště

Toto je časová osa skotské historie, ukazující důležité právní a teritoriální změny a politické Datumi ve Skotsku a jeho předchozích státech. Pokud se chcete seznámit o těchto Datumí, jsou k dispozici v Historie Skotska. Dále je k dispozici seznam skotských vládců, seznam britských monarchů, seznam prvních skotských ministrů a seznam skotských roků.

This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.}

Centuries: 1.2.3rd4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.

1. století

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Rok Datum Událost
84 Římané dobili Kaledonii v Bitvě u Mons Graupius.

2. století

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Rok Datum Událost
143 Římané budují Antoninův val.
163 Římané táhnou k jihu na Trimontium a Hadrianovu zeď.

3. století

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Rok Datum Událost
300 Výraz Piktové je poprvé zaznamenán k popsání federalizovaného kmene napadeného Constantiem Chlorusem.

4. století

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Rok Datum Událost
397 Svatý Ninian založil křesťanskou misii ve Whithornu.

5. století

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Rok Datum Událost
470 Kmen Votadini formuje království Gododdin na území severně od řeky Tweed.

6. století

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Rok Datum Událost
547 Anglové získávají Northumbrianskou pevnost v Bamburgh a zakládají království Bernicia.
563 Svatý Kolumba zakládá opatství v Ioně a začíná svoji misii po severní Pictsku.
574 Áedán mac Gabráin begins reign over the Gaelic kingdom of Dál Riata.
580 Riderch I of Alt Clut rules region later known as the kingdom of Strathclyde.
584 Bruide son of Maelchon dies.

7. století

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Rok Datum Událost
604 Æthelfrith unites Bernicia and Deira to form the kingdom of Northumbria.
638 Northumbrians capture Edinburgh from Gododdin.
680 Trumwine Bishop of Abercorn.
681 Bruide mac Bili, King of Fortriu, campaigns against Orkney
685 Pictish King Bruide mac Bili defeats Ecgfrith of Northumbria at the Battle of Dun Nechtain, halting the northern expansion of Northumbria.
693 Bruide mac Bili dies
697 Bruide mac Der-Ilei among the signatories of the Cáin Adomnáin.

8. století

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Rok Datum Událost
717 Nechtan mac Der-Ilei expels Ionan clergy from Pictland and adopts Roman usages with the aid of Bishop Curetán; masons sent by Abbot Ceolfrid of Monkwearmouth-Jarrow Priory help build stone churches at Restenneth, Rosemarkie and elsewhere in eastern Scotland.
724 Drust and Nechtan mac Der-Ilei fight civil war (to 729)
732 Death of Nechtan mac Der-Ilei; Óengus mac Fergusa becomes King of the Picts.
735 Óengus mac Fergusa, King of the Picts, campaigns against Dál Riata, and seizes and burns the royal centre of Dunadd
736 Battle of Cnoc Coirpi between Fortriu and Dál Riata
741 Battle of Druimm Cathmail between Fortriu and Dál Riata; the "smiting of Dál Riata", in which Dál Riata is subdued by Óengus mac Fergusa
747 St Andrews founded by this time, death of Abbot Túathalán.
750 Picts defeated by Britons at the Battle of Catohic
756 Óengus mac Fergusa allied with the English of Northumbria attacks the Britons; the English army is destroyed
761 Death of Óengus mac Fergusa.
763 Battle takes place in Fortriu between Ciniod and Áed Find; result unknown.
778 Death of Áed Find, King of Dál Riata
794 Annals of Ulster report the "wasting" of "all the islands of Britain by gentiles [Vikings]"

9. století

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Rok Datum Událost
802 Iona burned by Vikings
806 The monasteries under Iona are attacked by Vikings, killing 68 monks
820 Death of Caustantín mac Fergusa.
829 Abbot Diarmait, abbot of Iona, goes to Alba with relics of St Columba
831 Diarmait of Iona goes to Ireland with relics of St Columba
839 Eóganan mac Óengusa and his brother Bran killed in battle with Vikings, end of dominance of Fortriu.
858 Death of Kenneth mac Alpin, King of the Picts; "union of Picts and Scots" traditionally Datumd from his reign.
870 Alt Clut—Dumbarton Rock— captured by the Norse-Gael or Viking leaders Amlaíb Conung and Ímar after six month's of siege
878 Kenneth mac Alpin's son Áed killed; Giric becomes king.
889 Death of Giric; Domnall mac Causantín, grandson of Kenneth, becomes king.
890 Exodus of the Strathclyde Britons to Gwynedd (in Wales).

10. století

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Rok Datum Událost
900 Causantín mac Áeda succeeds Domnall mac Causantín.
940 Saint Catroe of Metz leaves Scotland.
943 Causantín mac Áeda abdicates to become a culdee at St Andrews.
952 Death of Causantín mac Áeda.
954 Indulf captures Edinburgh from Northumbria.

11. století

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Rok Datum Událost
1058 After defeating Mac Bethad and Lulach, Máel Coluim III is proclaimed king.

12. století

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Rok Datum Událost
1124 David I becomes king and introduces the feudal system of landholding to much of Scotland.
1156 Somerled defeats the Norse King of Mann and the Isles, establishing his own semi-independent rule as ri Innse Gall-King of the Hebrides.
1164 Somerled is defeated by Malcolm IV in the Battle of Renfrew.
1174 William I signs the Treaty of Falaise in which he swears allegiance to Henry II of England.

13. století

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Rok Datum Událost
1234 Galloway's independent existence ends with the death of Alan, Lord of Galloway.
1237 Southern border of Scotland established in the Treaty of York.
1263 Scots defeat Norwegians at Largs.
1266 Norway cedes the Western Isles to Scotland in the Treaty of Perth.
1292 Edward I of England intervenes in Scottish affairs and grants the Scottish throne to John Balliol.
1297 Andrew de Moravia and William Wallace lead the Scots to victory over England at Stirling Bridge.

14. století

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Rok Datum Událost
1314 Robert the Bruce defeats the English at Bannockburn.
1320 Nobles assert Scottish independence in the Declaration of Arbroath.
1328 Treaty of Northampton. England recognises Scottish independence.
1371 Robert II becomes first Stewart king.

15. století

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Rok Datum Událost
1402 English defeat Scots in the Battle of Nesbit Moor and the Battle of Humbleton Hill.
1413 Foundation of the University of St Andrews.
1451 Establishment of the University of Glasgow.
1468 Denmark cedes Orkney and Shetland to Scotland.
1493 Lordship of the Isles abolished. In 1540 the title was reserved to the crown.
1495 Creation of the University of Aberdeen (King's College).
1496 Education Act of 1496 makes education compulsory for barons and wealthy landowners.

16. století

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Rok Datum Událost
1513 James IV and thousands of Scots are killed at Flodden.
1532 Creation of the College of Justice and the Court of Session.
1542 Death of James V
1559 John Knox returns to Scotland from Geneva to promote Calvinism.
1560 Parliament legislates Protestant Reformation of the Church of Scotland.
1561 Mary, Queen of Scots returns from France.
1568 Mary, Queen of Scots flees to England following the defeat of her army at the Battle of Langside..
1578 James VI takes over government from his regent, James Douglas.
1582 Establishment of the University of Edinburgh by Royal Charter.
1587 Mary is beheaded by the order of Queen Elizabeth I of England.
1589 James VI marries Anne of Denmark in Oslo.
1592 Presbyterianism becomes the established form of church government in Scotland by Act of Parliament.

17. století

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Rok Datum Událost
1603 The Union of the Crowns: James VI of Scotland becomes James I of England.
1614 John Napier invents logarithms and publishes a book promoting their use in mathematics.
1618 James VI forces episcopacy on the Church of Scotland through the Five Articles of Perth.
1633 Education Act of 1633 ordains a school in every parish (partially successful).
1638 Scottish Covenanters rebel against Charles I.
1639 First Bishops' War
1640 Second Bishops' War
1642 First English Civil War (While it is known as an English Civil war it was in fact very much a British war) (to 1646)
1643 The Solemn League and Covenant promises Scots army to aid English parliamentarians against the king.
1648 Second English Civil War (to 1649)
1649 Third English Civil War (to 1651)
1650 Southern Scotland occupied by the English Republic's New Model Army following a Scottish defeat at the Battle of Dunbar 1650 during the Third English Civil War
1651 Scotland incorporated into the English Commonwealth and Protectorate. (to 1660)
1660 The monarchy is restored and Scotland resumes its status as a separate kingdom.
1679 Duke of Monmouth defeats Covenanters at the Battle of Bothwell Brig.
1689 Jacobite highlanders defeats army of William III at Killiecrankie, but are halted at Dunkeld.
The Claim of Right and the re-establishment of Presbyterianism.
1692 Massacre of Glencoe.
1695 The Bank of Scotland is created by Act of Parliament.
1696 Education Act of 1696 ordains a school in every parish (successful; act governs education until the 1872 act).

18. století

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Rok Datum Událost
1707 The Union of the Parliaments: the Acts of Union are passed by both the Scottish and English parliaments.
1715 First Jacobite rising.
1745 Second Jacobite rising.
1746 The Battle of Culloden ends the second Jacobite rising.
1748 David Hume publishes An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding.
1754 Joseph Black discovers "fixed air" (carbon dioxide).
1762 Land tenure reform leads to the Highland Clearances and massive emigration for several decades.
1769 James Watt patents idea for separate condensing chamber in the Steam engine.
1776 Adam Smith publishes The Wealth of Nations.

19. století

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Rok Datum Událost
1802 John Playfair publishes summary of James Hutton's theories of Geology.
1805 The Glasgow Herald newspaper first published.
1817 The Scotsman newspaper first published.
1820 The "Radical War".
1822 Visit of King George IV to Scotland organized by Sir Walter Scott.
1832 The Reform Act enlarges the franchise.
1843 The Disruption in the Church of Scotland (over the issue of patronage).
1846 Beginning of the ten-Rok Highland Potato Famine.
1847 The United Presbyterian Church of Scotland is established.
1864 James Clerk Maxwell presents equations describing electromagnetic fields.
1874 Patronage abolished in the Church of Scotland.
1878 Collapse of the City of Glasgow Bank
1879 William Ewart Gladstone conducts the Midlothian campaign as part of a political comeback.
The Tay Bridge Disaster.
1885 Creation of the Scottish Office and the post of Secretary for Scotland, later Secretary of State for Scotland.
1890 Opening of the Forth Railway Bridge.
1896 Opening of the Glasgow Subway.

20. století

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Rok Datum Událost
1929 The Church of Scotland and the United Free Church of Scotland unite.
1934 Založena Skotská národní strana.
1938 The Empire Exhibition, Scotland 1938 is held at Bellahouston Park, Glasgow.
1941 The Clydebank Blitz (13–15 March).
1943 Creation of the North of Scotland Hydro-Electric Board to bring electricity to all parts of the Highlands and Islands.
1945 Je zvolen první poslanec za Skotskou národní stranu.
1947 Probíhá znárodnění železniční dopravy – vzniká Scottish Region of British Railways .
The first Edinburgh International Festival is held.
1950 Z Westminsterkého opatství je odvezen Kámen osudu.
1957 Začíná vysílat Skotská Televize.
1968 The General Assembly of the Church of Scotland permits the ordination of women as ministers.
1975 Místní vláda provádí reorganisaci (z administrativních důvodů mění Counties a Burghs na Regions and Districts).
1978 Začíná vysílání BBC Radio Scotland.
1979 Referendum to create a Scottish Assembly fails to meet the required majority.
1988 Teroristé zničí letadlo Pan Am Let 103 nad Lockerbie. Zahyne 270 lidí, včetně 11 obyvatel města.
1994 Místní vláda provádí reorganisaci (přemění Regions a Districts na jednoúrovňové rady).
1996 Kámen osudu se nastálo vrací do Skotska, kde bude umístěn v Edinburgh Castle.
1997 Nově zvolená Labouristická strana vlády Spojeného Království pod vedením ve Skotsku narozeného předsedy vlády Tonyho Blaira předkládá zákon o referendu o Skotském parlamentu, který prochází velkou většinou.
1999 Skotský parlament zasedá poprvé po 272 letech. Donald Dewar ze Scottish Labour Party je zvolen jako ministerský předseda a formuje Scottish Executive v koalici se Skotskými liberálními demokraty.

21. století

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Rok Datum Událost
2004 Otevření nové budovy Skotského parlamentu.
2007 Skotská národní strana se stává největší stranou ve Skotském Parlamentu a formuje menšinovou vládu.
2011 Skotská národní strana pod vedením Alexe Salmonda získává většinu ve n overall majority of the Skotském Parlamentu.
2014 Ve Skotsku bude probíhat referendum o národní nezávislosti.

[[Category:National timelines|Scottish]] [[Category:History of Scotland| ]] [[en:Timeline of Scottish history]] [[fr:Chronologie de l'Écosse]] [[pl:Kalendarium historii Szkocji]]