Wikipedista:Kuvaly/Pískoviště: Porovnání verzí

== Geografie ==

{{Main|Geography of Laos}}

 

There is a distinct rainy season from May to November, followed by a dry season from December to April. Local tradition holds that there are three seasons (rainy, cold and hot) as the latter two months of the climatologically defined dry season are noticeably hotter than the earlier four months. The capital and largest city of Laos is Vientiane and other major cities include [[Luang Prabang]], [[Savannakhet (city)|Savannakhet]] and [[Pakse]].

Laos can be considered to consist of three geographical areas, North, Central and South.

<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nsc.gov.la/Products/Populationcensus2005/PopulationCensus2005_chapter2.htm |title=national Statistics Centre |publisher=Nsc.gov.la |date= |accessdate=2011-01-23}}</ref>

 

== Politika a správa ==

{{Main|Politics of Laos|Foreign relations of Laos}}

[[File:Thongsing Thammavong 2009-12-9.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Thongsing Thammavong]]

 

Laos' first, French-written and monarchical [[constitution]] was promulgated on May 11, 1947 and declared Laos to be an independent state within the [[French Union]]. The revised constitution of May 11, 1957 omitted reference to the French Union, though close educational, health and technical ties with the former colonial power persisted. The 1957 document was abrogated on 3 December 1975, when a communist People's Republic was proclaimed. A new constitution was adopted in 1991 and enshrined a "leading role" for the LPRP. In 1990, deputy minister for science & technology [[Thongsouk Saysangkhi]] resigned from the government and party, calling for political reform. He died in captivity in 1998.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/ASA26/007/1998/en| author=Amnesty International| date=29 April 1998| title=Thongsouk Saysangkhi's death}}</ref>

{{Main|Economy of Laos}}

 

 

The Lao economy is heavily dependent on investment and trade with its neighbours, Thailand, Vietnam, and, especially in the north, China. [[Pakxe]] has also experienced growth based on cross-border trade with Thailand and Vietnam. In 2011, the [[Lao Securities Exchange]] began trading.

The tourism sector has grown rapidly, from 80,000 international visitors in 1990, to 1.876 million in 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wttc.org/eng/Tourism_Research/Economic_Data_Search_Tool// |title=International visitor data |publisher=World Travel & Tourism Council |date= |accessdate=2011-01-20}}</ref> Tourism is expected to contribute US$679.1 million to gross national product in 2010, rising to US$1,585.7 million by 2020. In 2010, one in every 10.9 jobs was in the tourism sector. Export earnings from international visitors and tourism goods are expected to generate 15.5% of total exports or US$270.3 million in 2010, growing in nominal terms to US$484.2 million (12.5% of total) in 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wttc.org/eng/Tourism_Research/Economic_Research/Country_Reports/Laos/ |title=Laos – Key Facts|publisher=World Travel & Tourism Council |date= |accessdate=2011-01-20}}</ref>

 

 

Recently, Laos has become popular with tourists for its relaxed style of living and reputation for having elements of the "original Asia" lost elsewhere. The official tourism slogan is "Simply Beautiful". The main attractions for tourists include Buddhist culture and colonial architecture in [[Luang Prabang]]; gastronomy and ancient temples in the capital of [[Vientiane]]; [[Backpacking (wilderness)|backpacking]] in [[Muang Ngoi Neua]] and [[Vang Vieng]]; ancient and modern culture and history in [[The Plain of Jars]] region (main article: [[Phonsavan]]); trekking and visiting [[hill tribes]] in a number of areas including [[Phongsaly]] and [[Luang Namtha]]; caves and waterfalls near [[Thakhek]]; relaxation, the [[Irrawaddy dolphin]] and [[Khone Phapheng Falls]] at [[Si Phan Don]] or as they are known in English, the Four Thousand Islands; [[Wat Phu]], an ancient [[Khmer Empire|Khmer]] temple complex; and the [[Bolaven Plateau]] for waterfalls and coffee.

== Infrastruktura ==

{{Main|Transport in Laos|Telecommunications in Laos}}

 

The main international airports are Vientiane's [[Wattay International Airport]] and [[Luang Prabang International Airport]] with [[Pakse International Airport]] also having a few international services. The national airline is [[Lao Airlines]] with other carriers serving the country including [[Bangkok Airways]], [[Vietnam Airlines]], [[AirAsia]], [[Thai Airways International]] and [[China Eastern Airlines]].

 

== Kultura ==

 

[[Theravada]] [[Buddhism]] is a dominant influence in Lao culture. It is reflected throughout the country from language to the temple and in art, literature, performing arts, etc. Many elements of Lao culture predate Buddhism, however. For example, Laotian [[music]] is dominated by its national [[musical instrument|instrument]], the [[khaen]], a type of [[bamboo]] [[Pan pipes|pipe]] that has prehistoric origins. The khaen traditionally accompanied the singer in ''[[Mor lam|lam]]'', the dominant style of [[folk music]]. Among the various ''lam'' styles, the ''[[lam saravane]]'' is probably the most popular.

[[Sticky Rice]] is a characteristic staple food and has cultural and religious significance to the Lao people. Sticky rice is generally preferred over jasmine rice, and sticky rice cultivation and production is thought to have originated in Laos. There are many traditions and rituals associated with rice production in different environments, and among many ethnic groups. For example, Khammu farmers in Luang Prabang plant the rice variety Khao Kam in small quantities near the hut in memory of dead parents, or at the edge of the rice field to indicate that parents are still alive.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.adb.org/Evaluation/case-studies/LAO/Evaluation-Synthesis-on-Rice.pdf |title=Evaluation Synthesis of Rice in Lao PDR |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2010-06-27}}</ref>

 

 

 

== Souvvisející stránky ==