Stride piano: Porovnání verzí
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Nová stránka: Harlem Stride Piano, Stride Piano nebo jen Stride, je jazzový hudební styl, který se vyvinul z ragtimu. Levá ruka hraje většinou basový tón, oktávu, decimu na těžké dob... |
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Harlem Stride Piano, Stride Piano nebo jen Stride, je jazzový hudební styl, který se vyvinul z ragtimu. Levá ruka hraje většinou basový tón, oktávu, decimu na těžké době a akord na době lehké. Často se také využívá "Přerušovaného basu", tedy přesunutí akordu či basového tónu na jinou dobu. Narozdíl od ragtimu se ve stride pianu využívá více okrajových částí klaviatury, skoky v levé ruce jsou větší a i předpoklady pro hru jsou náročnější (Ve stridu je téměř výhradně používána decima - kupříkladu roztažení levé ruky od C1 do E2). Stride je možné hrát v rychlém tempu, tak rovněž i v pomalém, bluesovém tempu. Stride piano představuje vrchol hraní na piano v jazzové hudbě.
===Technique===
Stride piano is highly rhythmic and somewhat percussive in nature because of the "oom-pah" sound of the left hand. This is where the term, "stride" came from. Pianist [[James P. Johnson]], known as the "Father of Stride", created this unique style of jazz along with fellow pianists, [[Willie "The Lion" Smith]], [[Fats Waller]], and Luckey Roberts. The pianist usually plays one to three single notes (or walking bass) followed by a chord with the left hand, while the right hand plays the melody. Players may sometimes choose to play octaves instead of single notes to modify the sound of the left hand accompaniment. "James P. Johnson's greatest contribution was to recast the rhythm of ragtime into a more swinging, steadier beat."<ref>{{cite book | last = Schuller | first = Gunther | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Earl Jazz: Its Roots and Musical Development | publisher = Oxford University Press | year = 1968 | location = New York | pages = 216 & 221 | url = | doi = | id = | isbn = 0-149-504030-0 }}</ref>
He discovered and employed the [[tenth]] or "broken tenth" interval to introduce more swing in his left hand. This can be heard in his famous composition "Carolina Shout". The pianist can not only substitute tenths for single bass notes and triad chords, but can also play the interval up and down the keyboard.{{Citation needed|date=October 2010}}
The stride style originated in [[Harlem]] during [[World War I]], fathered by James P. Johnson, and developed with fellow "Ticklers" Willie "The Lion" Smith, [[Luckey Roberts]], and [[Fats Waller]], reaping piano devices from other contemporary pianists. It was influenced by [[ragtime]], and as a jazz piano idiom, features [[improvisation#Music|improvisation]], [[blue note]]s, and [[swing rhythm]]s. The practitioners of "stride" practiced a full jazz piano style that made use of [[Classical music]] devices such as [[arpeggio]]s, [[musical scale]]s, and flourishes. They often engaged in [[cutting contest]]s to show off their skills.<ref>{{cite video
| people = [[Ken Burns]] (director)
|date = 2001
| title = "The Gift" (part 2 of [[Jazz (documentary)|Jazz]])
| medium = Documentary
| location =
| publisher = [[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]]
}}
</ref>
===Notable practitioners===
Other notable stride pianists include [[Art Tatum]], [[Johnny Guarnieri]], [[Don Ewell]], [[Louis Mazetier]], [[Donald Lambert]], [[Cliff Jackson]], [[Dick Wellstood]], [[Pat Flowers]], [[Bernd Lhotzky]], [[Joe Turner]], [[Claude Hopkins]], [[Ralph Sutton]], [[Hank Duncan]], [[Dick Hyman]], [[Mike Lipskin]], [[Stephanie Trick]], [[Morten Gunnar Larsen]], [[William Turk]], and Mark Birnbaum.<ref name="kilgannon">Kilgannon, Corey (2010-04-02). Virtuosity Flows From Street to Piano. Retrieved from http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/tag/mark-birnbaum/.</ref>
===Notable works===
*By [[James P. Johnson|James Price Johnson]]
**[[Carolina Shout]] (1918/1921), Mule Walk (1939), Caprice Rag
*By [[Thomas "Fats" Waller]]
**[[Handful of Keys]] (1929), Vipers Drag (1934), Alligator Crawl (1934)
*By [[Willie "The Lion" Smith]]
**Finger Buster (1931), Echoes Of Spring (1939)
==See also==
* [[Ragtime]]
* [[Jazz Piano]]
* [[Novelty piano]]
{{Portal box|Jazz|Music}}
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==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
*[http://www.blueblackjazz.com/stride_piano.html Stride Piano on BlueBlackJazz]
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X6tMTIhXkZM Dick Hyman Explaining Stride] (Youtube)
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eo_365T1B2o Dick Hyman Illustrating Ragtime to Stride Piano] (Youtube)
*[http://perso.wanadoo.fr/jcarl.simonetti/home.html Fats Waller] A tribute to the King of Stride Piano
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