Konflikt v Severním Irsku: Porovnání verzí
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'''Konflikt v Severním Irsku'''<ref name="Gloss">{{cite web |last1=Melaugh |first1=Martin |last2=Lynn |first2=Brendan |title=Glossary of Terms on Northern Ireland Conflict |url=https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/othelem/glossary.htm#T |publisher= [[Ulster University]] |work=[[Conflict Archive on the Internet]] |quote=The term 'the Troubles' is a euphemism used by people in Ireland for the present conflict. The term has been used before to describe other periods of Irish history. On the CAIN web site the terms 'Northern Ireland conflict' and 'the Troubles', are used interchangeably.}}</ref><ref name="McEvoy 2008">{{cite book | last=McEvoy | first=Joanne | title=The politics of Northern Ireland | publisher=Edinburgh University Press | publication-place=Edinburgh | year=2008 | isbn=978-0-7486-2501-7 | oclc=232570935 | page=1 |quote=The Northern Ireland conflict, known locally as 'the Troubles', endured for three decades and claimed the lives of more than 3,500 people.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=McKittrick |first1=David |last2=McVea |first2=David |title=Making Sense of the Troubles: A History of the Northern Ireland Conflict |date=2001 |publisher=[[Penguin Books]] |isbn=9780141003054 |edition=Rev}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Gillespie |first1=Gordon |title=The A to Z of the Northern Ireland Conflict |date=2009 |publisher=[[Scarecrow Press]] |isbn=9780810870451}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Edwards |first1=Aaron |last2=McGrattan |first2=Cillian |title=The Northern Ireland Conflict: A Beginner's Guide |date=2012 |publisher=[[Oneworld Publications]] |isbn=9781780741710}}</ref> (anglicky '''The Troubles'''; česky: ''Problémy'') označuje [[Etnický nacionalismus|etnicko-nacionalistický]]<ref name=CMitchell>{{cite book |last=Mitchell |first=Claire |title=Religion, Identity and Politics in Northern Ireland |publisher=Ashgate Publishing |date=2013 |page=5 |quote=The most popular school of thought on religion is encapsulated in McGarry and O'Leary's ''Explaining Northern Ireland'' (1995), and it is echoed by Coulter (1999) and Clayton (1998). The central argument is that religion is an ethnic marker, but that it is not generally politically relevant in and of itself. Instead, ethnonationalism lies at the root of the conflict. Hayes and McAllister (1999a) point out that this represents something of an academic consensus.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=John McGarry & Brendan O'Leary |title=Explaining Northern Ireland |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell |date=15 June 1995 |page=18 |isbn=978-0-631-18349-5}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Northern Ireland and the Politics of Reconciliation |editor=Dermot Keogh |publisher=Cambridge University Press |date=28 January 1994 |pages=55–59 |isbn=978-0-521-45933-4}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucd.ie/ibis/filestore/wp2004/42/42_coakley.pdf |title=Ethnic Conflict and the Two-State Solution: The Irish Experience of Partition |author=John Coakley |accessdate=15 February 2009 |quote=...these attitudes are not rooted particularly in religious belief, but rather in underlying ethnonational identity patterns. |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/66doFx4nE?url=http://www.passia.org/seminars/2004/John-Coakley-Ireland-Seminar.htm |archivedate=3 April 2012 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> konflikt v [[Severní Irsko|Severním Irsku]], který v různých obdobích probíhal i v částech [[Irsko|Irska]], [[Anglie]] a [[Evropa|pevninské Evropy]]. Rozpor začal na konci 60. let 20. století a za jeho konec se většinou označuje [[Velkopáteční dohoda|belfastská „Velkopáteční“ dohoda]] z roku [[1998]] (ačkoli sporadické násilí stále pokračuje).<ref name="Ireland 1999, page 221"/><ref name="aughey7" /><ref>{{cite book |last1=Gillespie |first1=Gordon |title=Historical Dictionary of the Northern Ireland Conflict |date=November 2007 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0810855830 |page=250}}</ref><ref name="elliot">{{cite book |last1=Elliott |first1=Marianne |title=The Long Road to Peace in Northern Ireland: Peace Lectures from the Institute of Irish Studies at Liverpool University |date=2007 |publisher=[[Liverpool University Press]] |isbn=1-84631-065-2 |pages=2, 188 |edition=2}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Goodspeed |first1=Michael |title=When Reason Fails: Portraits of Armies at War : America, Britain, Israel, and the Future |date=2002 |publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]] |isbn=0-275-97378-6 |pages=44, 61}}</ref>
Konflikt byl především politický, ale měl také etnické a náboženské rozměry.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WxJutBLDxg0C |title=Armed Struggle: The History of the IRA |last=English |first=Richard |date=1 January 2005 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780195177534|language=en}}</ref> Klíčovou otázkou bylo ústavní postavení Severního Irska. [[Ulsterský loajalizmus|Loajalisté]],
Hlavními účastníky konfliktu byli republikánské polovojenské jednotky (např. [[Prozatímní irská republikánská armáda|Dočasná IRA]]), loajalistické polovojenské jednotky (např. [[Ulsterské obranné sdružení|UDA]] nebo [[Sbor ulsterských dobrovolníků|UVF]]), britské státní bezpečnostní síly ([[britská armáda]], [[Královská ulsterská policie|RUC]] a Severoirské policejní síly), političtí aktivisté a politici. Irské bezpečnostní síly hrály jen malou roli. Během konfliktu přišlo o život více než 3 500 lidí.<ref name=suttonstatus/>
== Konec 60. let ==
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